课程内容
Unit 10《I've had this bike for three years.》（Section A Grammar Focus-4c）
1. How long have you had that bike over there?
2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set?
3. Have you ever played football?
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。
e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.
= My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago.
I've lived here since 1990.
自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
I haven't seen him for three years.
我三年没有看见他了。
She's been at this school since five years ago.
自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。
歌诀
含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀：
过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。
句中动词的特点
此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）。
1、这本书我买了5年了。
I have bought the book for five years. ×
I've had the book for five years. √
2、你哥哥参军多长时间了？
How long has your brother joined the army? ×
How long has your hrother been in the army/been a soldier? √
现在完成时与瞬间动词
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不能说“He has left for three years.”如果要表达“他已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法：
一、用ago，使用一般过去时。
He left here three years ago.
二、用“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时从句”
It is three years since he left here.
三、用“一段时间+have/has passed+since+一般过去时从句”
Three years have passed since he left here.
以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。
另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的动词或者表状态的be+名词/形容词或副词/介词短语等。
1、直接转化成延续性动词
buy → have catch(get) a cold → have a cold
borrow → keep come/go/become → be
2、转换成be+名词
join the army → be a soldier
join the Party → be a Party member
go to school → be a student
3、转换成be+形容词或副词
die → be dead finish → be over begin → be on
leave → be away fall sleep → be asleep
close → be closed open → be open
4、转换成be+介词短语
go to school → be in school
join the army → be in the army
一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句
①我们买这本书三年了。
We have had the book for three years.
We bought the book three years ago.
②他感冒三天了。
He has had a cold for three days.
He caught a cold three days ago.
③自从上个星期以来，我就借了这本书。
I have kept the book since last week.
I borrowed the book last week.
④我成为一个学生两年多了。
I have been a student for over two years.
I became a student two years ago.
⑤Mr Black死了三年了。
Mr Black has been dead for three years.
Mr Black died three years ago.
⑥小明参军半年了。
Xiao Ming has been a soldier for half a year.
Xiao Ming joined the army half a year ago.
⑦我们上了8年学了。
We have been students for eight years.
⑧下课10分钟了。
The class has been over for ten minutes.
⑨电影开始了一小时了。
The film has been on for an hour.
Exercises
1. She ______ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed B. has lent
C. has bought D. has kept
2. Ten years has passed ______ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.
A. when B. while C. before D. since
3. I have ______ this book for ten years.
A. had B. bought C. done
4. They ______ for ten minutes.
A. have left B. have been away C. had been
5. He has lived here ______ 20 years.
A. since B. for D. of
6. He ______ a memeber of a basketball team for two years.
A. has been B. has had C. has became
改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。
1. The English professor arrived here about a week ago.
The English professor ______ ______ here for about a week.
2. Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago.
Her husband ______ ______ on the farm for three hours.
3. The French musician came to China last month, and he is still here.
The French musician ______ ______ ______ China for a month.
4. He joined the army in 1985.
He ______ ______ ______ the army ______ 1985.
5. He joined the League half a year ago.
He has been a League ______ ______ half a year.
6. The bus left five minutes ago.
The bus ______ already ______ ______ for five minutes.
7. The girl bought a new school bag in September.
The girl ______ ______ the school bag since September.
8. The shop closed last winter.
The shop ______ ______ ______ since last winter.
9. The film began ten minutes ago.
The film ______ ______ ______ for ten minutes.
10. The dog died two days ago.
The dog ______ ______ ______ for two days.
11. The meeting ended last month.
The meeting ______ ______ ______ for a month.
用for或since完成下列句子。
1. Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago.
__________________________________________
2. Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday.
He has ___________________________________
3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago.
I've _____________________________________
4. I have a camera. I bought it in 1989.
__________________________________________
5. Dave plays the piano. He started when he was seven years old.
__________________________________________
4a. Rewrite the sentences using for or since.
1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.
2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.
3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.
4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.
5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.
4b. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. I ____________(never be) to the water park before. I want to ____________(go) next month before the weather gets too cold.
2. They ____________(never own) any pets, but the ____________(always want) to have a dog.
3. We ____________(have) a piano since last November. We ____________(buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.
4. Cathy and Amy ____________(not be) back to their hometown for two years. They ____________(miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.
5. This museum ____________(be) here for over 20 years. It ____________(be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.
4c. Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.
1. Do you have a(n) ______? How long have you had it?
2. Do you own a(n) ______? How long have you owned it?
| Things | How long | |
| Tony | favorite book basketball |
for two years since he was 10 years old |
| student 1 | ||
| student 2 |
Example:
- Do you have a basketball?
- Yes, I do.
- How long have you had it?
- I have had it for two years.
中考链接
1.【2011四川雅安】She ______ this book for nearly three weeks.
A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept
2.【2011广东清远】Helen ______ for half a month. She'll come back in two months.
A. left B. leave C. has left D. has been away
3.【2011贵州遵义】Thomas ______ the army for two years, so he misses his mother very much.
A. has joined B. has taken part in C. has been in
4.【2011重庆】I ______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!
A. left B. went away from C. have left D. have been away from
5.【2011江苏淮安】British Prince William(威廉王子) and Kate ______ for nearly two months.
A. married B. have married C. have been married D. have got married
6.【2011广东肇庆】You are too late. The film ______ since half an hour ago.
A. has begun B. has been on C. began
7.【2011四川达州】- Do you know Lucy's grandma?
- Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has _____ for about a month since she _____ in the accident.
A. been dead; was killed
B. died; was killed
C. been dead; killed
D. died; killed
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史老师
女，中教中级职称
在教育教学过程中，潜心研究教学理论，不断探索创新，积累了丰富的教学经验，逐步形成了新颖独特的教学方法。
