课程内容

《Astronomy: the science of the stars （Part 3）》
9、This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop
(P26)
1)chain n.链子，链条；连锁；一连串，一系列（+of）
chain of love 爱情的羁绊
那条狗被链条拴在柱子上。
The dog was fastened to a post by a chain.
德拉为了给老公买金表链找了一家商店又一家商店。
Della hunted store after store for
the golen watch chain for her husband.
交通事故引起了一连串的事件。
The traffic accident led to a chain of events,chain store(s)连锁店
the Western fast food chains 西方快餐店
2）此句中的made后跟带形式宾语it的复合结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式复合结构，“for live to begin to develop”,宾语补足语是possible.
她非要弄清楚是谁的责任不可。
She made it her business to find out who was responsible.职责，本分；分内事
常用于此结构的动词还有：
think,feel find ,consider etc.
我们规定每天早上6点钟起床。
We make it a rule to get up at 6'clock every morning.
我发现和他相处很难。
I find it hard to get along with him.
他发现不可能离开德国去美国了。
He found it impossible to leave Germany for the USA.
我觉得我有责任帮助你。
10、They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen,which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.(P26)
1)multiply vt.乘，使相乘（+by/together）
           vi.增加
Four multiplied by five is twenty.
五乘四得二十。
我们越向山顶攀爬，危险和困难越是倍增。
As we climbed up the mountain ,the dangers and difficulties multiplied.
2)which 引导一个非限制性定语从句对上句情况的进一步说明。
我们常常看到有人乱丢乱吐，这弄得我们的环境很脏。
We often see some people throw rubbish and spit everywhere,which makes our
environment dirty.
她的父母非常感激我们，医生也高度评价了我们的急救，这是的我们意识到学习急救的必要性。
Her parents were very thankful to us and  the doctors thought highly of your
first aid,which made us realize the necessity of learning first aid.
3)oxygen n.[U]氧，氧气
  atomic oxygen 原子氧
  free oxygen 游离氧
  水由氢和氧组成。
  Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
11、They prouduced young generally
    lay eggs 下蛋
    lay sth.aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）
    lay sth.down  把某物放下
    lay the blame on sb. 责备某人
    lay the table  摆桌子
    lay emphais/stress on sth.把重点放在......上
    他把手放在我的肩上。
    He laid his hand on my shoulder.
    我们该责备谁？
    Who should we lay the blame on ?
① The bird( lays )its eggs in other bird's nests.
② He is a political leader that (lays great stress on)(非常强调)individual
respinsibility.
③He (lays/puts)some money (aside) for rainy days.
lay(laid--laid--laying)vt.
放下；摆设，铺（地毯）；产（蛋）
lie(lay--lain--lying)vi,躺，平放；位于
lie(lied--lied--lying)vi.说谎
n.谎话  tell a lie = tell lies 说谎，撒谎
The naughty boy(lied)(lie)to me that the her that(lay)(lie)there just now had
(laid)(lay)two eggs the day before.
12、They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.(P26)
exist vi.存在，生存；维持生活（on）
农业中总是存在的问题。
Problems always exist in agriculture.
火星上有生命吗？
Does life exist on Mars ?
我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口。
I can hardly exist on the wage I'm getting.
there exist/stand/lie/live/occour
表示存在......有......(不用进行时)
There exists warm-hearted person everywhere.
改错：
1）It is surprisin that a kind of animal is existing in the dry desert.
2)There exist a good way to solve many difficult physics problems.
existing (作定语)现存的，现在的
Food will not get cheaper under existing condition(=present condition).
我们必须在现有的基础上发展我们的友谊。
We must develop our friendship on the existing basis.
existence n.存在
1).This plant (exists)only in Australia.
2).Can you (exist on) such a low salary ?
3).I doubt the existence (exist)of alien.