课程内容

《Computers （Part 1）》

重点讲解

1.common adj.
①普通的；通常的；常见的
Snow is common in cold countries.
在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。

②共有的；共同做的；共同受到的
We share a common purpose.
我们有共同的目标。
He and I have a common interest;we both collect stamps.
我和他有共同的爱好，我们都集邮。

③一般的；平常的
The common people老百姓

拓展：
in common (with)（和……）一样
have nothing in common无共同之处
have little in common几乎无共同之处
have something in common有一些共同之处
have a lot in common有许多共同之处

2.work out
①—How much do I owe you?—I haven't worked it out yet.
我欠你多少钱？ 我还没有算出来呢。
②We must work out a way to have a cheap holiday.
我们得想出个省钱度假的办法。
③The must work out a plan as quickly as possible.
他们必须尽快制订出一个计划来。
④The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning .
这位著名的演员通过每天早晨锻炼一小时来健身。
⑤Try not to worry.I'm sure everything will work out in the end.
不用担心，最终一切都会变好的。
⑥Everything has worked out according to the plan.
一切都依计划进行。

用法归纳
work out有如下意思：
①.（根据推理或计算）得出；算出（n./wh-从句）
②.想出；制定出；产生（n./wh-从句）
③.锻炼；训练（非正式用语）
④.有好结果；进行情况良好
⑤.（情况等的）发展，进行

3.compare的用法
①.vt.比较：对照。着重人与人或事物与事物之间的异同，常和介词with连用。
If you compare both of our cars,you will find them very much alike.
如果你对比我们的两辆汽车，你就会发现它们非常相似。
He began comparing himself with the other teammates and found he didn't practice as hard as them.
他开始将自己和其他的队员们比较，发现不如他们训练得认真。
②.vt.比喻为；比作。指出两个事物之间的关系或相似之处，常与介词to连用。
Young people are compared to the sun at eight or nine in the morning.
年轻人常常被比作早晨八、九点钟的太阳。
③.vi.与……相比/匹敌。后接介词with。
No one can compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies.
作为悲剧作家，没有人能同莎士比亚相比。

原句回放1：
I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.
1642年我在法国诞生时不过是一台计算机器。
句子中的calculating是动名词作定语的用法，动名词作定语一般表示用途，例如：
a walking stick拐杖
a swimming pool游泳池
a washing machine洗衣机
注意动名词和现在分词作定语的不同，现在分词作定语往往表示动作或特征，例如：
a sleeping boy一个正在睡觉的男孩
exciting news令人激动的消息

原句回放2：
Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.
虽然我问世时间不长，但我能使复杂的计算简单化。

Ⅰ.相同点：①在although和though引导的让步状语从句中，主句里不可用but，若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句前加yet或still。
e.g.Although/Though he has a lot of money,yet/still he is unhappy.
他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。
②although和though引导让步状语从句时，常采用省略形式。
e.g.Although tired(=Although he was tired),he kept on working.
虽然很疲劳，但他继续工作。
The problem,though complicated(=though it is complicated),can be solved without much difficulty.

Ⅱ.不同点：although和though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式，另外although语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念
e.g.Though/Although my car is very old,I don't want to buy a new one.
虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。
He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.
虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做。

Ⅲ.当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，
通常用though,而不用although。
e.g.Though all the world were against me,I should still hold to my opinion.
就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。

Ⅳ.①.though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，
意为all the same(还是；仍然)或however（可是；然而），而although无此用法。
e.g.She didn't tell me what she had done,but I know it,though.
她没有告诉我她所做的事情，但我还是知道了。
It's hard work.I enjoy it,though.
工作很苦，可是我喜欢。
②.though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。
e.g.Bravely though they fought,they had no chance of winning.
虽然他们打得很勇敢，但还是没有机会获胜。

原句回放3：
At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”.
当时，人们把这看成是一场技术革命和人工智能的开端。
1）technological revolution意为“技术革命”
2）artificial intelligence意为“人工智能”
3）artificial adj.人造的；假设的；矫揉造作的
The room was decorated with artificial flower.
房间是用人造花装饰的。
4）inteligence n.智力；聪明；智能
He's a man of very high intelligence.
他是个非常聪明的人。

原句回放4：
In 1936 my real father,Alan Turing,wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem.
在1936年，我真正的父亲，艾伦图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样能使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何难以解决的数学问题。
句子中的how I could be made to work as a “universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem是介词about的宾语从句

原句回放5：
By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room.
到了20世纪40年代的时候，我已经大得像间房子。
1）the 1940s意为“20世纪40年代”
注意：定冠词the不可以省掉。另外，表示年代的s也必须带上。
2）by the 1940s常常和过去完成时连用。

原句回放6：
As time went by,I was made smaller.
在本句中，as用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“随着…”，
表示“随着……”时，也可以用with，但with是介词，后面一般不接句子。